THE 3 KINGDOMS OF SRI LANKA AFTER THE 15th CENTURY AD

When the Portuguese landed on the island in 1505 there was not one but three kingdoms, namely the Tamil Jaffna Kingdom, the Sinhala Kotte Kingdom and the Sinhala Kandyan Kingdom.

They captured the Tamil Kingdom in 1621; nearly 116 years since capturing the Sinhala kingdoms. The Tamil King Sangili was taken to Goa and hanged. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaffna_kingdom).

The majority Sinhalese dismiss this historical fact as medieval nonsense. A counter challenge to this fact can be viewed at the link below: 

(http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2010/05/reply-archaeology-sparks-new-conflict.html

 “… statements that the country had been united for 2,500 years flies in the face of history. There was for some centuries an independent Tamil kingdom and the chronicles report frequent wars between Singhalese and Tamil kings.

Separate Singhalese and Tamil communities existed on the island from the pre-colonial era until the administrative unification of the island by the British in 1833.” 

(Supplement to Professor Virginia Leary Report on a Mission to Sri Lanka 1981-83 published by the ICJ)

This unification was carried out by the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission in 1833.

(http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-13139.html

Robert Knox’s narration of his capture visiting Ceylon and his ultimate escape here on this link

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/14346/14346-h/14346-h.htm

The 1799 minutes of the first British colonial secretary of Ceylon, Sir Hugh Cleghorn to His Majesty’s government: “Two different nations, from a very ancient period, have divided between them the possession of the island: the Sinhalese inhabiting the interior in its Southern and Western parts from the river Wallouve to that of Chillow, and the Malabars [another name for Tamils] who possess the Northern and Eastern Districts. These two nations differ entirely in their religions, language and manners’. Ponnambalam, Satchi (1983) Sri Lanka: the national question and the Tamil liberation struggle (London: Zed Books)

The British colonial secretary James Emerson Tennent, (1845-1850)  to Ceylon  wrote, “In pre-colonial days there was the Tamil Kingdom in the north-east (Jaffna) and two Sinhalese kingdoms in the south, called Kotte and Kandy. Drawings and maps from the time of the Greek explorer Ptolemy, and later from the period when the British came to the island, show how the areas of the Tamils and the Sinhalese were recorded separately from antiquity”. Emerson, Tennent J (1859) Ceylon, Volume 2 (London: Longman Press)

Sir Alexander Johnston, a Chief Justice in the British government wrote on 01.07.1827 to the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,

“…I think it may safely be concluded both from them and all the different histories which I have in my possession that the race of people who inhabited the whole of the Northern and Eastern Provinces of the Island of Ceylon at the period of their greatest agricultural prosperity spoke the same language, used the same written character and had the same origin, religion, castes, laws and manners as the race of people who at the same period inhabited the southern peninsula 

EVEN THE KANDY REGION BELONGED TO THE TAMILS, UNTIL IT WENT UNDER THE TERRORIST SINHALESE WHO STOLE THESE LANDS FROM THE SONS OF THE SOIL - SRI LANKAN TAMILS...!!!!

REASON BEHIND THE SUDDEN RISE OF SINHALA POPULATION IN SRI LANKA

In the 16th century, the Portuguese and in the 18th century, the Dutch who occupied the island brought in tens of thousands of people from South India (presently Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhara) and settled them in the Southern parts of the island as menial labourers (for growing/peeling cinnamon, fishing/pearl diving, coconut planting/plucking, toddy tapping, and for many other jobs).

Within a few centuries, the Sinhala population increased exponentially when these people assimilated with the local Sinhala population by adopting the Sinhala language and the Buddhist religion.

Today their decedents (6th generation) are not only claiming the ancient Sri Lankan civilization as their own ‘Sinhala’ heritage but have also become the patriots and champions of Sinhala-Buddhist chauvinism.

It was the British who re-discovered the Mahavamsa in the early 20th century and their so called European ‘Pali Scholars’ misinterpreted it, thereby creating another myth known as Arya-Sinhala.

Since the Sinhala (Elu) language (mixture of Sanskrit, Pali and Tamil/Malayalam) was more of Indo-Aryan in nature, the British declared that the Sinhalese were Aryans from North India and the Tamils were Dravidians from South India.

Influenced by the colonial historiography, the Sinhalese declared that they were indigenous to the island, and that the Tamils were invaders from South India.

TAMILS ARE THE SONS OF THE SOIL OF SRI LANKA.! SINHALESE WERE TERRORIST SLAVES CAPTURED AND BROUGHT TO SRI LANKA BY RAJA RAJA CHOLAN AND ASHOKA THE GREAT SPREAD THE SINHALA BUDDHISM (A TERRORIST RELIGION) AGAINST THE TAMILS, WHO ARE THE SONS OF THE SOIL OF SRI LANKA

THE CHERA, CHOLA AND PANDIYAN KINGS WERE OF TAMIL WARRIOR DESCENT AND NOT OF ARYAN RACE. TO CLAIM OTHERWISE IS PREPOSTEROUS

THE TERM “SIHALA” (NOT SINHALA) MEANING LION ITSELF, FIRST APPEARED ONLY IN THE 5^th CNTURY AD PALI CHRONICLE “DIPAVAMSA”/ “MAHAVAMSA” AND THAT ONLY TWICE, AND THAT ALSO, ONLY IN THE BEGINNING CHAPTERS.

THERE WAS NO SINHALA LANGUAGE IN SRI LANKA OR ANY PART OF THE WORLD BEFORE 10^th CENTURY A.D.  

IT IS THUGGERY TO CLAIM THAT THERE WERE SINHALA PEOPLE IN LANKA PRIOR TO THE 12th CENTURY A.D.

The Ellara – Duttu Gemunu was not a tribal war, it was a war fought by Duttu Gemunu who was a Naga (Tamil) prince to regain the Anuradhapura throne that belonged to his ancestors on his father’s side.

Duttu Gemenu’s father was Kakavanna Theesan (Avanti’s) whose father was Gotabhaya.

Gotabhaya is the son of  Maha Naga, brother of Devanampiya Theesan (Tissa) the first convert to Buddhism.

And Devanampiya Theesan’s father was Muta Siva (BC307 – BC247) who ruled Anuradhapura.

Therefore, Kakavanna Theesan was the great grandson of  Maga Naga who established  the kingdom in Mahagama in Rohana/Ruhuna.

Maha Naga’s older brother, Devanampiya Tissa, a contemporary of Emperor Asoka, was the first king of the Tissa dynasty.

IT MAY BE OF INTEREST AND EDUCATIONAL VALUE TO NOTE THAT ALL KINGS FROM MUTA SIVA (307 B.C. – 247 B.C.) RIGHT DOWN TO THE CHRISTIAN ERA ( A Period of 300 Years) WERE NAGAS WHO WERE TAMILS AND FOLLOWED THE AASEEVAHAM RELIGION.

THESE NAGA KINGS CONTINUED TO RULE FROM ANURADHAPURAM TILL THEY LOST THEIR IDENTITY AND BECAME SINHALESE IN THE 10^th       CENTURY AD

As mentioned above the much adored and admired King Duttu Gemunu was a Naga prince both from his father’s side Kahavanna Theesan and his mother’s side Viharamadevi.

Viharamadevi was the daughter of Kelani Tissa who ruled Kalyani (Keleniya); they were of course, Buddhist by faith.

During the war between Ellara and Dutugemunu there were Buddhist Nagas (Tamils) fighting on the side of Dutugemunu and Hindu Nagas (Tamils) fighting on the side of Ellara.

IT WAS A WAR BETWEEN BUDDHIST TAMILS AND HINDU TAMILS

The Thamils/Nagas who were Buddhists needed a separate identity from Thamils/Nagas who were of Hindu faith.

THIS WAS ACHEIVED BY INVENTING THE SINHALA LANGUAGE AND SCRIPT BY BUDDHIST MONKS.

The ancient Sri Lankan heritage, the Vevas (tanks/reservoirs), Dagobas (dome enshrining sacred relics) and all other massive ancient structures were constructed by the Buddhist NAGAS AND DAMELAS (TAMILS) AND NOT SINHALESE.

The development of wet rice cultivation, a rudimentary tank system, and iron technology were common features of development for both SRI LANKA AND TAMIL NADU

DAMEDA is the most mentioned ETHNIC GROUP in the ancient epigraphy of Sri Lanka.

These inscriptions refer to the

1. Dameda Vishaka (Tamil Merchant),
2. Dameda Samana (Tamil House Holder),
3. Dameda Navika (Tamil Sailor).

There are enough of ANCIENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE IN SRI LANKA such as Brahmi stone inscriptions, cave writings, etc where the terms

1. DAMEDA
2. DAMELA
3. DAMILA
4. DEMEL

Are mentioned as a group of people living in the island.

During Sena I (833-853) and Kassapa IV (899-914), there are definite epigraphic reference to Tamil villages and lands,

1. Demel-Kaballa (Tamil allotment),
2. Demela-valadem (Tamil lands),
3. Demela-gam-bim (Tamil villages & lands),
4. Demal-Kinigam,
5. Demelin-hetihaya, etc.

The presence of Tamils in the island Sri Lanka in the early historic period is not denied even in the Pali chronicles.

THE PRESENCE OF TAMILS IN THE ISLAND SRI LANKA IN THE EARLY HISTORIC PERIOD IS NOT DENIED EVEN IN THE PALI CHRONICLES

THE PRESENT DAY HISTORIAN PROF. SUDHARSHAN SENEVIRATNE SAYS:

 “THERE IS NO MENTION OF THE WORD “SIHALA” OR “SINHALA” ETHNICITY IN THE 1000 ODD SHORT INSCRIPTIONS THAT COME TO US FROM THIS PERIOD, BUT, ON THE CONTRARY, A VAST MAJORITY OF THE HOST CLAN NAMES AND TITLES THAT WE COME ACROSS IN THESE INSCRIPTIONS ONLY SHOW AFFINITIES WITH THE CLANS OF THE ANCIENT TAMIL COUNTRY”

SINHALA LANGUAGE WAS SPONSORED BY THE ILLUMINATI ROTHSCHILD FAMILY WITH THE HELP OF INDIAN BRAHMINS THROUGH A MIXTURE OF ELU (HELA), OLD TAMIL, PALI (A VARIATION OF TAMIL) AND SANSKRIT AROUND THE 10^th CENTURY AD.

IT WAS NOT PALI OR SANSKRIT, BUT THE TAMIL LANGUAGE THAT HELPED IN THE FORMATION OF SINHALA ALPHABETS

THE ALPHABETS OF SINHALA LANGUAGE ARE LIKE THE ALPHABETS OF KANNADA AND MALAYALAM LANGUAGE OF SOUTH INDIA.

DURING THIS TIME (around the 10^th Century AD) THE TAMILS CHANGED THE SHAPE OF THEIR ALPHABETS TO THE PRESENT SQUARE SHAPE.

IT IS TO BE NOTED THAT THERE IS CLOSE RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN THE TELUGU SCRIPT AND SINHALA SCRIPT

14^th APRIL IS CELEBRATED AS NEW YEAR BY BOTH TAMILS AND SINHALESE, BECAUSE BEFORE THE SINHALESE BUDDHISTS WERE CONVERTED THEY FOLLOWED THE TAMIL RELIGION OF AASEEVAHAM

The caste hierarchy is almost similar in both Sinhalese and TAMILS. The Sinhala caste system is closer to the Jati system, than the Sanskrit Varna system.

Quiet a few Sinhala castes are composed of South Indians and their descendants, who came over several centuries – sometimes for trade or as the soldiers of the presiding PANDYA OR CHOLA KINGS, WHO RULED THE SRI LANKAN ISLAND

The Karava, Salagama (aka Chaliya), Durawa castes were brought down by Portuguese and Dutch to work as cinnamon peelers, toddy tappers etc.

DURAWAS DESCENDED FROM THE NADARS OF TAMIL NADU AND THE EZHAVAS OF KERALA

EACH AND EVERY VILLAGE HAD “GAMINIS” RULE OVER THEM (Gamini, is a corrupt form of Gramani of Tamil Nadu)

TAMIL LANGUAGE:

By studying Early Cave Inscriptions, it is claimed that the language of the people at the time of Devanampiyathissa was a variation of Magadha Prakrutha, spoken language understood by both the elite and the lower masses. It is most probable that the Sinhala language developed from the spoken language of the common folk, along the Pali Sanskrit line and departed from the rest of Dravidian languages due to the continuous influence of Buddhism.

CLEARLY, BEFORE SINHALA BUDDHISM (A TERRORIST RELIGION, DISTINCT FROM THE THERAWADA BUDDHISM, INITIATED BY BUDDHA OF 2000 B.C., WHO SPOKE TAMIL LANGAUGE) GOT ROOTED IN SRI LANKA, THERE WAS NO DIFFEENCE BETWEEN THE LANKAN AND PANDYAN KINGDOMS.

BOTH WERE RULED BY TAMIL WARRIOR ELITES AS PEOPLE BELONGED TO TAMIL RACE. THERE WAS CLOSE KINSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO ROYAL HOUSES

For example, Parakrama Pandyan, a ruler of the Pandyan Kingdom at Tenkasi married his son to the daughter of Parakrama Bahu, a Pandyan King who ruled Sri Lanka then

SALAGAMA (AKA Chaliya) is a caste of cinnamon peelers in the Southern coastal areas of Sri Lanka. They were also associated with cinnamon cultivation & in Kandy, with weaving. Noted cricketer Lasith Malinga is a Salagama.

CHALIYA or SALIYA is a caste of weavers in Chera Malabar & Southern Karnataka.

The Salagamas were Sri Lankan Tamils from Triconmalai region who migrated to Malabar region of Chera Tamil Kingdom and the Thulu-Tamil Kingdom of present day South Karnataka

DURAWAS or Chanda is a Toddy Tapping caste, that initially moved to the Southern Coast of Sri Lanka. Their hereditary role is coconut or palm tree climbing.

DURAWAS descended from the Nadars of Tamil Nadu & the Ezhavas of Kerala.

Many of them also functioned as mercenaries & soldiers for the Sri Lankan Tamil kings.

Its worth noting that the term “Chanda” is very similar to “Candrar”, another name for the Nadar community in Tamil Nadu.

The Duravas take great pains to deny their connections with South India & with toddy tapping, which in their eyes is a demeaning profession.

According to the Durava revisionists, their ancestors took up toddy tapping only because they owned the land themselves. Or, they did it for their Durava brethren that owned large coconut groves.

Toddy tappers, them – Oh, sacrilege! They also claim that they are a community devoted to martial arts, which was well connected with the aristocracy.

THEIR ROLE AS SOLDIERS FOR THE SINHALA KINGS PROBABLY EXPLAINS THEIR CONTACT WITH THE ROYALS, JUST LIKE THE NADARS OF TAMIL NADU AND EZHAVAS OF KERALA

KARAWAS – THE NEGOMBO STORY, Along the Eastern sea-board of India, predominantly in the states of Tamil Nadu & Andhra Pradesh, a community of fisher-folks called “Karayar” live. A long time back, they moved to the South-Western coast of Srilanka.

BUDDHISM IN SRI LANKA:

The Buddhism practiced in Sri Lanka, better known as Sinhala-Buddhism (or Mahanama-Buddhism) is different from the Theravada Buddhism practiced in other countries such as Thailand, Cambodia and so on.

The Buddhists in these countries follow only the Buddhist scriptures Tripitaka (Viniya, Sutta, Abhidhamma), whereas in Sri Lanka the ‘Mahavamsa,’ which was written by one of the Mahavihara monks (Ven. Mahanama) more than 1000 years after the passing away of Lord Buddha is also considered as a part of the Buddhist scriptures, although it deals mostly with mythical or supernatural Buddhist history, some episodes of which are copied from the ‘Mahabaratha’ and ‘Ramayana.’

Since the Buddhist scriptures (Tripitaka) and the mythical Buddhist history (Mahavamsa) were both written in the Pali language, a Buddhist layperson who does not understand Pali cannot understand the difference between the two and, therefore, he/she believes everything that the Buddhist monks preach, to be the true words of Buddha.

Due to ignorance, even the present day Sinhala-Buddhists still believe that they are blood relatives of Buddha because, according to the Mahavamsa, their forefather Pandu-Vasudeva belongs to the Sakya clan (Sakya – the Pali version of Skanda clan), and is a relative of the Buddha where as the

Historians believe that the term "PANDU IN PALI" means "PANDYAS"

According to Buddhism, a person ordained as a Bikkhu should practice

1. Ahimsa (non-violence),
2. Karuna (compassion),
3. Metta (affection), and
4. Maithriya (loving-kindness)

Towards fellow humans, (irrespective of race or religion), not only by words but also in his thoughts and action.

Unfortunately in Sri Lanka, due to the influence of the Mahavamsa, a Buddhist Bikkhu is at liberty to engage in racist politics and promote Sinhala-Buddhist chauvinism and hatred, as we see today.

SINHALA AND DAMELA

There are enough of ancient archaeological evidence in Sri Lanka such as Brahmi stone inscriptions, cave writings, Pali chronicles, etc where the terms

1. Dameda,
2. Damela
3. Damila
4. Demel

Are mentioned as a group of people living in the island.

Even in the Jataka stories such as Akitti Jataka, there is a reference to Tamil country (Damila-rattha),

WHEREAS, THERE IS NO EVIDENCE WHATSOEVER ABOUT THE TERMS

1. Hela
2. Sihala
3. Sinhala

BEFORE AND EVEN A FEW CENTURIES AFTER THE PALI CHRONICLES WERE WRITTEN

Even the Mahavamsa says, the missionary monk Mahinda Maha Thero preached Buddhism to the people of the island in “DEEPA BASHA” (language of the island)

BUT, IT DOES NOT SAY THAT THE “DEEPA BASHA” WAS

1. Elu
2. Helu or
3. Sihala

SINHALA SCHOLARS ALWAYS FAIL TO THIS ARGUEMENT.

THEY ARGUE THAT THE ETHNIC NAME OF THE DOMINANT GROUP DOES NOT OCCUR IN THESE RECORDS FOR THE VERY GOOD REASON THAT THERE IS NO NEED TO DISTINGUISH ANY PERSON BY REFERRING TO HIM/ HER AS SUCH WHEN THE PEOPLE AS A WHOLE ARE ENTITLED TO THAT NAME (SIHALA)

THE MILLION DOLLAR QUESTION IS

“WHY IT IS NOT THE SAME CASE NOW?”

BECAUSE, TODAY THEY ARE ACTUALLY THE DOMINANT ETHNIC GROUP, RIGHT?

(HOW THE SINHALESE BECAME A MAJORITY WOULD BE DEALT IN ANOTHER POST SEPARATELY)

TODAY, LEAVE ASIDE THE MAJOR THINGS LIKE MEDICINE etc.

EVEN THE SMALLEST STUFF LIKE ROOF TILES ARE LABELLED AS “SINHALA”, WHY?

** GAMINI – IS THE PALI FORM OF THE TAMIL TERM GRAMANI (HEAD OR RULER OF A VILLAGE)

** TISSAN / THEESAN AND TISSA DYNASTY – IS THE PALI FORM OF THE TAMIL WORD TIYYAN AND TIYYA DYNASTY

***TISSA/ TISSA DYNASTY WAS A NON – BRAHMINICAL TAMIL DYANSTY

GRAMANIS ARE SRI LANKAN TAMILS, WHO LATER MIGRATED TO TAMIL NADU

TIYYANS WERE SRI LANKAN TAMILS, WHO HAD MIGRATED TO THE CHERA TAMIL KINGDOM. TODAY, THEY ARE KNOWN AS THIYYAS. TIYYAN MEANS ISLANDER

EZHAVAS AND THIYYAS WERE ORIGINALLY SRI LANKAN TAMILS WHO MIGRATED TO THE ANCIENT TAMIL CHERA KINGDOM. AFTER THE NAMBOOTHIRI INVASION OF THE TAMIL CHERA KINGDOM, AND AFTER THE FORMATION OF THE MALAYALAM

LANGUAGE IN 1600’s, BOTH EZHAVAS AND THIYYAS ADOPTED THE MALAYALAM LANGUAGE AND TODAY THEY HAVE LOST THEIR IDENTITY AS TAMILS.

THEIR COUNTEPARTS, THE CANARS AND GRAMANIS OF TAMIL NADU WERE ALSO TAMILS FROM SRI LANKA

THIS IS THE REASON WHY SRI LANKAN TAMIL, THE CANAR TAMIL (ESPECIALLY OF TIRUNELVELI, THOOTHUKUDI AND KANYAKUMARI) AND THE MALAYALAM LANGUAGE HAVE A COMMON ACCENT AND EVEN CERTAIN WORDS THAT ARE NOT USED BY OTHER TAMILS AND OTHER MALAYALIS. 

TODAY, THE EZHAVAS AND THIYYAS HAVE TWO DIFFERENT IDENTITIES. WE WILL SEE THAT IN ANOTHER ARTICLE IN DETAIL

THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO ESTABLISH THE FACT THAT TAMILS WERE THE SONS OF THE SOIL OF SRI LANKA, AND SINHALESE WERE SLAVES AND TRIBALS WHO WERE BROUGHT TO SRI LANKA AS CAPTIVES BY THE CHOLA KING RAJA RAJA CHOLAN

THE MARTIAL ART OF ANGAMPORA IS NOTHING BUT A MIXTURE OF KUTHU VARISAI AND KALARI PAYAT. INFORMATIONS WILL BE POSTED IN DETAIL IN A SEPARATE ARTICLE

VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS BY SINHALA BUDDHIST TERRORISTS AGAINST INNOCENT SRI LANKAN TAMILS

Here are some of the Human Rights Violations undertaken by the Terrorist Sinhalese Government to which the UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATION (U.N.H.R.O) has turned a Blind Eye and is still turning a Blind Eye

Reaction of UNHRO from Genocide of Sri Lankan Tamils till date against Sri lankan Tamils

1948 – “THE CITIZENSHIP ACT” disenfranchising Indian Tamil Plantation workers was passed in Parliament. One million 3rd generation plantation workers had been living in the island for over 115 years. They were brought to the island by the British from South India to work in Tea and Rubber plantations in the hill country. 100,000 plantation Tamils were victimised. (Violation of UDHR article – 21)

SINHALA COLONIZATION – As a result of many years of State planned Sinhala colonisation since 1948 in the Tamil homeland (North and East), the Sinhala governments and its destructive agents plundered and robbed 50% of the ancestral lands of the Tamils in the North East of Sri Lanka. (Violation of UDHR articles – 17)

1956 - "THE SINHALA ONLY ACT" was passed in the Sri Lankan Parliament. This Act made Tamils second class citizens in the island. Tamils staged peaceful protests in Colombo and Gal Oya. 150 Tamils were burnt or hacked to death; 20 Women were raped; 3000 were made refugees and their properties were looted by Sinhala mobs. (Violation of UDHR article – 2, 3, 5, 12, 17 )

1957 - "THE BANDA CHELVA PACT" and in 1965 "THE DUDLEY - CHELVA PACT". These agreements were based on a quasi-federal system devolving certain powers to the Tamils in the North East province. These were the first of several agreements and pacts signed between Tamil leaders and Sinhala leaders to resolve the political turmoil in the country, that were unilaterally abrogated by Sri Lanka.

1958 – “ANTI TAMIL RIOTS IN SINHALA AREAS” Massacre of Tamils, looting of their properties, setting fire to their houses. 25,000 Tamils were made refugees; 500 Tamils were burnt or hacked to death; 200 Women were raped and Tamil properties were looted or destroyed by Sinhala mobs. (Violation of UDHR articles – 2, 3, 5, 12, 17)

1961 Tamil non-violent (Satyagraha) civil disobedience campaign in the North and East was disrupted by the security forces, protesters were beaten and arrested. (Violation of UDHR articles – 5, 9, 20)

1964 The “SRIMA SHASTRI PACT” to evacuate Tamil plantation workers of Indian origin was signed. They were living in the island for over 131 years. 650,000 Plantation Tamils became stateless persons. (Violation of UDHR articles – 4, 15, 23)

1972 Equal education opportunities for Tamil students were denied. Standardisation on University admission was introduced. (Violation of UDHR article – 26)

1974 The Fourth International Tamil research Conference held on 10/01/1974 in Jaffna was disrupted by the Sri Lankan Police. 9 Tamils were brutally killed. (Violation of UDHR articles – 2, 3, 20, 27)

1977 In July, Tamil United Liberation Front-TULF, contested and won overwhelmingly at the Parliamentary election giving them a mandate to exercise the “Right to Self-determination” and establish Tamil Eelam in the North East. In 1983 August 8, Sri Lankan government enacts the 6th amendment to the constitution and rejected the right to self-determination of the Tamil people, the mandate voted by the Tamils in 1977 general election. (Violation of UDHR articles – 8, 10, 21)

1979 July, Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) was introduced in Sri Lanka. This Act gives a free hand to the Security forces to arrest, detain, torture, rape, kill and dispose bodies with impunity. Arrested people could be detained for three months without being produced in courts. (Violations of UDHR articles – 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)

1981 The Jaffna Public Library containing 95,000 volumes was completely destroyed in a fire set by a group of Police officers who went on a rampage in the Jaffna city on May 31, 1981. 95, 000 volumes of unrecoverable-invaluable books were burnt. (Violations of UDHR articles – 2, 21, 24, 27)

1983 Since independence in 1948, more than 35 years of peaceful non-violent struggle by the Tamils protesting against Sinhala oppression, were suppressed by violent means by the Sri Lankan security forces, inflicting loss of many lives and much material damage to the Tamils. (Violations of UDHR articles – 3, 4, 5,9,13,20)

1983 The Government masterminded anti-Tamil riots in July 83. More than 6,000 Tamils were killed by the Sinhalese in the South. Tamil houses and businesses were looted and destroyed. Tamils living in the South were sent in ships to the North and East by the government.

250,000 Tamils were made refugees; 2,500 Tamils were burnt or hacked to death; 500 Women were raped; 53 Tamil political prisoners were brutally murdered in the maximum security Welikada prison on 25-27th July. Sinhala extremist groups and thugs, ruined the socio-economic and the political rights of the Tamil people. Anti-Tamil riots also in 1956, 1958, 1977, and 1981. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 17, 23, 24, 25, 26)

1984 – To date Tamils living in the North-East were arrested, tortured and killed. Women were raped, many disappeared. Tamil properties were looted or destroyed by the Sri Lankan security TERRORIST forces. Air Force bombers dropping Cluster bombs in residential areas and near IDPs camps causing severe loss and damage to Tamil people and their property.

The Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) and the Emergency Regulations (ER) adopted by the government are helped the security forces to carry out all sorts of human rights violations with impunity. (UDHR was completely violated)

1990 – To date Economic embargo in Tamil areas. Food, medicine, electricity and other important items are denied to the Tamils. (Violations of UDHR articles – 22, 25, 26)

1995 – On 15th November, the NGO Forum took place at Bentota Beach Hotel, in Bentota, in the South of Sri Lanka. Both foreign and local NGO representatives participated in this forum and this forum meeting was disrupted by anti-NGO demonstrators. The organisers of the NGO forum decided to shift the venue to the capital, Colombo. On 16th November, the NGO Forum re-convened in the morning at a conference hall in Ratmalana, police officers arrived to “request” the Forum to suspend its proceedings, claiming that the meeting was illegal! The meeting was dissolved and all attendees dispersed. (Violations of UDHR articles – 8, 13, 18, 19, 20)

1997 – On 25th September, 38 NGOs serving in several parts of Batticaloa district, were ordered by Government of Sri Lanka to cease all their humanitarian operations. This immediately followed a government order banning NGOs from assisting people in the areas of Batticaloa. (Violations of UDHR articles – 8, 13, 18, 19, 20)

1998 – the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances stated that, “Sri Lanka had the second highest number of disappearances in the world, ranking next to Iraq”.

Also Sri Lanka was the only country that the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances had visited several times. So far no proper remedies had been found for these disappearances. (Violation of UDHR articles –3,4,5,7,9,10,11)

2005 – with the aim of ensuring equal distribution of Tsunami aid to the worst affected North East, an agreement known as the Post Tsunami Operational Management Structure – PTOMS was signed between the government of Sri Lanka and the LTTE. This was unilaterally abrogated by the government of Sri Lanka under the pretext of a Supreme Court judgement. (Violation of UDHR articles – 16, 25)

At this time, over 85,000 Tamil people had been killed or “disappeared”; more than 12,500 Tamil women raped and killed; more than 2500 buildings of Tamils’religious places of worship (Churches and Temples) destroyed in aerial bombings and artillery shelling and billions of rupees worth of material damage had been caused to the Tamils by the Sri Lankan government.

As a result of well planned ethnic cleansing by the Sinhala State, nearly 500,000 Tamil people were internally displaced and more than 500,000 Tamils’ have sought political asylum in Europe and other countries. (Violation of UDHR articles –3, 16, 16,17)

2005 – 7th January, the UN Secretary General made a humanitarian visit to Sri Lanka to see the Tsunami affected areas. When Kofi Annan requested to visit the North East, the areas in the island most affected by the tsunami, the Sri Lankan authorities deliberately prevented him from making a humanitarian visit there.

(Violation of UDHR articles – 13,25 & a serious violation of the United Nations Charter, Chapter XV Article 100)

2006 – Sri Lankan citizens cannot seek remedy from the UN Human Rights Committee – Even though Sri Lanka is signatory to the ICCPR, on 15 September 2006, the Supreme Court effectively ruled that Sri Lankan citizens cannot seek remedy from the UN Human Rights Committee regarding human rights violations. It declared that the accession to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in 1997 does not bind Sri Lanka and has no legal effect within the island. – Decision of the Supreme Court 15 September 2006 – SC Spl (LA) No 182/99. (Violation of UDHR articles – 8, 10,19)

2006 – Sri Lanka’s Air Force bombed a gathering of schoolgirls at Vallipunam on August 14, 2006, killing 56 schools girls and wounding 210 others. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3, 10,12,13,20,26)

2006 – The India and Sri Lanka accord was signed in 1987 under the guise of settling the Tamil ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. Under this accord the merger of North Eastern province took place on 8 Sep.1988. But, after exactly 18 years, The Supreme Court delivered its political judgement on 16 October 2006, stating that the merger of these two provinces was invalid. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3,5,9,10,13,21)

2007 – Sri Lanka was ranked third most dangerous place for the media in the world, with many journalists having been killed. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3,5,6,7,10,13,18,19)

2008 – Sri Lanka withdrew from the Ceasefire Agreement-CFA between the government of Sri Lanka and the LTTE that was signed in February 2002. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3,5,9,10,13,)

2008 – According to the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, presently Sri Lanka rank as the country with the highest number of disappearances. The fate of 656 Tamils who ‘disappeared’ in 1996 was not yet known but Tamils continued to‘disappear’ in North East. Many Tamil journalists, academics, parliamentarians, human rights activists, children and others in the North East were killed. (Violation of UDHR articles – 3,4,5,7,9,10,11)

2008 – IIGEP quit Sri Lanka –President Rajapaksa had invited the International Independent Group of Eminent Persons – IIGEP to observe and ensure the transparency of investigations held by the Commission of Inquiries on the complaints of abductions, disappearances and other serious violations of human rights arising since 1st August 2005. 

Also, the IIGEP was to ensure that those inquiries were conducted in accordance with basic international norms and standards. On 22 April 2008, the IIGEP, quit Sri Lanka, citing government unwillingness to implement its recommendations to bring the probe up to international standards, lack of financial stability, government interference and slow process. (Violation of UDHR articles – 8,10)

2009 – Sri Lanka government and their security forces committed War crimes and Genocide against the Tamil people. This has been well recorded by all international human rights organisations and the United Nations. Furthermore these serious violations have been documented and screened by the TV Channel 4, UK. (Violation of UDHR and other international conventions)

2010 – The UN Secretary-General’s appointed panel submitted a report on War Crimes in Sri Lanka on 12 April 2001. This was subsequently transferred to the UN High commissioner for Human Rights and the President of the Human Rights Council on 13 September 2011. However no action was taken.

2011 –  The Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission released its Report

The report of the LLRC is a serious assault on the dignity of the victims of the war in Sri Lanka, and
as such, has not only gravely damaged the chances of genuine reconciliation but has further alienated the victims of the war.” It therefore called on the international community “to acknowledge the consistent failure of domestic accountability mechanisms in Sri Lanka and take steps to establish an international mechanism for accountability.”

ATLEAST NOW, WILL SOMEONE FROM U.N.H.R.O COME UP TO FIGHT FOR THE RIGHTS OF SRI LANKAN TAMILS AND AGAINST THEIR GENOCIDE BY THE TERRORIST SINHALESE GOVERNMENT LED BY THE BUDDHIST SINHALA WAR CRIMINAL - MAHINDA RAJAPAKSE?

OR WILL THIS SITUATION BE LET ASIDE?

WHAT ARE THE TAMILS FROM INDIA, MALAYSIA, CANADA, USA, UAE,  UK, SINGAPORE, AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES DOING...????

WOULD THEY ALSO KEEP PEACE WHEN THESE TAMILS HAVE SEEN SUCH A GENOCIDE AND HOLD THEIR PEACE, TILL THIS SITUATION COMES TO THEM?

WAKE UP TAMILS! WAKE UP TAMILS! ACT NOW! ACT NOW!

EACH AND EVERY TAMILIAN MUST FILE A PETITION AGAINST THIS SINHALESE WAR CRIMINAL - MAHINDA RAJAPAKSE, TILL THEY GET PUNISHED...!!!!